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   2018| July-September  | Volume 3 | Issue 3  
    Online since October 23, 2018

 
 
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Systematic review on effectiveness of theory-based intervention on self-care behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes
Abeer Yahya Ahmed Al-Washali, Hayati Kadri, Suriani Ismail, Hejar Abdul Rahman, Yahya A Elezzy
July-September 2018, 3(3):88-94
DOI:10.4103/2542-3975.242955  
Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of theory-based intervention on self-care behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes. Data sources: Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL database were searched to identify relevant English studies published during 2005–2017. Data selection: The key words that have been used to search for relevant studies were type 2 diabetes, diabetes self-care behaviors, theory-based intervention, and the name of the behavior theories such as social cognitive theory, health belief model, and other theories. Because self-care and self-management are being used interchangeably in some literature, self-management was entered to obtain all relevant studies. Included studies were randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies. Outcome measures: The outcome was diabetes self-care behaviors. Results: Thirteen studies met all the inclusion criteria and had been reviewed and included in this systematic review. The interventions in eleven studies were based on one theory. Conclusion: Theory-based interventions are effective in enhancing diabetes self-care behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes.
  11,164 783 2
REVIEW
What the future holds for the challenging hereditary spastic paraplegia?
Jumana Bisharat-Kernizan, Carlton Watson, Konstantinos Margetis
July-September 2018, 3(3):95-100
DOI:10.4103/2542-3975.242956  
Since it was initially described by and named after Strumpell and Lorrain in the late 1800s, hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) or familial spastic paraplegia, has remained a source of interest and study for the medical community. This rare disease, or rather spectrum of neurological diseases, is undergoing a fresh wave of unveiling as molecular and genetic techniques have bolstered our understanding of HSP. HSP is a neurodegenerative disease with a wide range of effects on patients. The mainstays of lower extremity spasticity, urinary urgency and impairment of lower extremity vibratory sensation can present alone or accompanied by a list of additional symptoms such as: epilepsy, dementia and peripheral neuropathy. In this review, some of the more recent studies are discussed, in which pathophysiology, imaging, and genetics are investigated. The review of these studies may not only help to advance our knowledge and management of HSP, but may serve as a future paradigm for similar groups of diseases that experience a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms.
  9,691 571 4
PERSPECTIVES
Using robotic-assisted technology to improve lower-limb function in people with stroke
James Faulkner, Amy Wright
July-September 2018, 3(3):111-114
DOI:10.4103/2542-3975.242959  
Robotic-assisted gait training is becoming an important component of the rehabilitation strategy when working with patients diagnosed with a stroke. To date, research has largely focused on the effect of using robotic-assisted devices on lower limb function through the assessment of gait and balance parameters in sub-acute and chronic stroke patients, in a clinical setting. However, there may be significant benefit of implementing robotic-assisted gait training devices in the acute hospital setting soon after stroke diagnosis, but also with chronic stroke patients as a home-based rehabilitation tool. This article concludes that further research is needed when considering the influence of robotic-assisted technology on the early mobilisation (i.e., ability to stand and walk with and/or without the support from a therapist) of stroke patients in the hospital setting, their implementation in a home-based environment, and the need to incorporate more robust, quantifiable and scientific techniques to evaluate stroke patient progress through a variety of biomechanical assessment parameters.
  5,944 464 3
Multi-component botanical drugs for degenerative diseases
Ashok Kumar, Priti Kumar
July-September 2018, 3(3):115-118
DOI:10.4103/2542-3975.242960  
Millions of people around the world are suffering from various types of degenerative diseases. Most of these diseases also classified as chronic diseases are of longer duration and slow progression. Most of these disorders are incurable but are manageable with presently available therapies. Chronic degenerative disorders such as heart disease, cancer, asthma, arthritis, diabetes, kidney failure etc. are responsible for over 70% mortality world over. For managing a number of degenerative diseases, single molecule drugs have played a major role. However, issues of unavailability of curative therapeutics, suboptimal response, treatment resistance and adverse drug reactions remain problematic and pose a serious concern. Under such circumstances, botanical drugs can play an important role in changing the health care scenario worldwide. Investigators should focus on development of newer botanical drugs to provide holistic health to masses in safe, economic and effective manner.
  5,697 406 2
STUDY PROTOCOL
High focused Evaluation of Atherosclerotic risk profile in Retinal Thrombosis: Vascular events Incidence, Sex involvement and Interventional outcomes assessed by Ophthalmologists and internists Network – HEART VISION study protocol
Stefania Basili, Elena Pacella, Fernanda Pacella, Giulio F Romiti, Giacomo Visioli, Ludovica M Antonini, Silvia Robuffo, Roberto Cangemi, Massimo Mecella, Marco Proietti, Valeria Raparelli
July-September 2018, 3(3):101-105
DOI:10.4103/2542-3975.235145  
Background and objectives: Retinal vein occlusion (RVO), one of the most relevant causes of vision loss, still represents an open issue in ophthalmology and vascular medicine. Its epidemiology and management approach have not been clearly characterized yet, with several grey zones requiring investigation. Significance of RVO on cardiovascular prognosis is also unclear. “High focused Evaluation of Atherosclerotic risk profile in Retinal Thrombosis: Vascular events Incidence, Sex involvement and Interventional outcomes assessed by Ophthalmologists and internists Network” (HEART VISION) is a longitudinal, prospective, multi-center study which aims at determining the epidemiology, potentially modifiable risk factors and the determinants of RVO in an Italian-based cohort. Methods: Enrollment of all the eligible patients presenting to recruiting centers (i.e. ophthalmology emergency room and thrombosis centers) with suspect of RVO. At baseline, all patients will undergo an opthalmologic evaluation and further investigations about cardiovascular co-morbidities and risk factors. Recruited patients will be followed for a 2-year period. Outcome measures: Data about adverse cardiovascular events and eye-related outcomes will be recorded. Discussion: HEART VISION will present data on prevalence and will inform on the prognosis of RVO in an Italian-based cohort. Characterization and prospective evaluation of these patients will be useful in developing novel strategies for management of RVO and their cardiovascular-related risk factors. Ethics and dissemination: This study protocol (n. 1.0, 01.07.2014) was approved by the Sapienza-University of Rome, Ethics Board (Protocol No. 1076/14). This study will be performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Dissemination plans include presentations at scientific conferences and publication in scientific journals. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02257333 on October 6, 2014.
  5,116 404 -
Accurate identification of potential critical coronary lesions for the reduction of risk of cardiovascular events: study protocol for a randomized, open-label, active-controlled multi-center trial
Wen-Bin Lu, Jian Zhu, Li-Juan Chen, Yu Wang, Yi Feng, Gen-Shan Ma
July-September 2018, 3(3):106-110
DOI:10.4103/2542-3975.242958  
Background and objectives: The allocation of coronary artery disease patients with moderate coronary stenoses to interventional therapy or conservative treatment is a challenge because there is a lack of effective and accurate methods for identifying critical coronary lesions. This study is planned to determine whether therapy guided by identification of high-risk coronary plaque can reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with critical lesions (50–75% stenoses). Design: This is a randomized, open-label, active-controlled multi-center trial. Methods: A total of 246 patients with suspected coronary artery disease will receive treatment guided by multimodality assessment (including risk factor score [RFS], fractional flow reserve [FFR], intravascular ultrasound [IVUS], or intracoronary optical coherence tomography [OCT] of coronary plaque) (RFS + FFR/IVUS/OCT group) versus treatment guided by routine assessment with 2D quantitative coronary angiography (QCA group). Outcome measures: The primary endpoint will be MACEs from baseline to 24 months. The secondary endpoint will be the overall economic burden on patients from enrollment to the end of the 24 months. Discussion: This study will assess the noninferiority of the treatment regimen for patients diagnosed with critical coronary lesions. The results may help to guide therapy to reduce the risk of MACEs. Ethics and dissemination: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Southeast University (approval number: 2017ZDSYLL023-p01). Dissemination plans include presentations at scientific conferences and publication in scientific journals. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03195621, registered on June 22, 2017.
  4,649 315 -